Resumen
High-assurance systems are critical systems that require guaranteed high levels of security, reliability, timing, availability, safety, and other attributes characterizing their operation. High-Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE) is a recent initiative towards this comprehensive perspective, where both software engineering and hardware design-level issues are addressed in the context of high levels of predictability. High-assurance systems need verifiable, yet pragmatic and cost-effective, development approaches. Both system life cycle and operation are addressed in HASE, requiring participation from a plethora of disciplines, namely, software engineering, hardware design, real-time systems, fault-tolerant and reliable systems, multi-level secure systems, and safety experts, for example. Many complex issues related to HASE have been examined recently and some of the early results and trends in development techniques for high-assurance systems are receiving a great deal of attention.