Resumen
Driven by emerging opportunities in the marketplace, e-commerce organizations must rapidly and continuously roll out new products and services to support evolving business models. Organizations implementing an enterprise-wide application infrastructure to meet immediate business needs often pursue unplanned and ad hoc application systems integration--an undisciplined approach that too often leads to large isolated monolithic application systems involving proprietary architectures, business semantics, and technologies. The resulting brittle infrastructure is unable to adapt to changes as readily as it should. Adopting a standards-based approach to applications integration is difficult for several reasons. First, standards and specifications are often incompatible, incomplete, or involve overlapping scopes that are not mutually exclusive. This lack of congruence complicates the process of selecting a set of standards covering all aspects of integration for an organization's multiple applications. Second, standards are not always available; for example, the only standard available for message-oriented middleware is the Java Messaging Service specification, which is restricted to Java-based integration solutions.