Resumen
The U.S. debate over export controls of high-performance computing (HPC) never goes away. In October 1995, President Bill Clinton announced the second major revision to the HPC export control policy of his administration. Since then, press reports and opinion pieces, the U.S. General Accounting Office report and isolated illegal sales and diversions of HPC hardware have repeatedly brought this issue back into public debate. The debate, however, has masked two important aspects of export controls since 1995. First, an attempt has been made to put the policy formation process on a more rational, explicit and defensible foundation. Second, much of the debate has centered on applications that can be performed successfully using relatively low and readily available levels of computing by today's standards, most notably nuclear weapons development. Such applications can no longer justify an effective export control regime.