Resumen
The financial services industry is in transition. Traditionally, financial services have been structured into 4 broad industry sectors: 1. banking, 2. insurance, 3. equities/stock brokerage, and 4. transaction services. The recent confluence of 3 trends (deregulation, globalization, and spread of information and communication technologies) has created new business opportunities. Deregulation has made it possible for financial service providers to expand their portfolio of services beyond their traditional sectorial offerings, while also allowing a variety of non-traditional participants to enter into the financial services market. Concurrently, international and global trade agreements, for example, within the EU, WTO, and UN, are attempting to harmonize regulations and standards across nations. Specification of international bank account formats, standardization of transaction interfaces for cross-bank and cross-national payments, security, and common customer-data privacy regulations are examples of such attempts at harmonization.

Resumen
Analyzes return flows in the supply chain and the use of enterprise resource planning packages and advanced planning systems. Use of electronic commerce to manage return flows; Recovery processes; Reverse logistics; Supplier and customer collaboration. INSET: Copy4U Case Study.